Why number sense is so crucial
Scientific studies have shown for years that a solid number sense forms the foundation for successful arithmetic and mathematical thinking. On this page, you'll find selected research findings that show why children should first understand numbers before practising arithmetic.
The importance of number sense to mathematics achievement in first and third grades
A longitudinal study showing how closely early number sense is connected to later mathematics achievement in primary school.
Open study →Zahlvorstellung und Operieren am mentalen Zahlenstrahl
Dissertation on the importance of the mental number line for understanding numbers and arithmetic operations in children.
Open PDF →Number sense in early mathematics education
Information and materials from the German Centre for Mathematics Teacher Education on building number sense in early mathematics instruction.
Learn more →A systematic review on the definition of children's number sense in the primary school years
A systematic review examining how number sense in primary school children is defined and measured in research.
Open PDF →Developmental model of number-magnitude linkage
Krajewski's model describes how children gradually build a connection between numbers and quantities – a foundation for later arithmetic.
Learn more →Mental arithmetic skill development in primary school
A recent study on mental arithmetic competencies in primary school and their development across school years.
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